Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Region
- Europe · Western Europe
- Capital
- Amsterdam
- Population
- 18,087,633 (2025)
- Government
- parliamentary constitutional monarchy; part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Currency
- Euro (EUR)
- Official languages
- Dutch
- Spoken languages
- Dutch (official), Frisian (official in Fryslan province)
- Written scripts
- Latin
- Area
- 41,850 km²
- Coastline
- Coastal
- UN member
- Yes
- Affiliations
- EU, IMF, NATO, OECD, WCO, WTO
- Borders
- Belgium , Germany
Political stability
73 / 100
Economic stability
77 / 100
Population stability
47 / 100
0–100, higher is more stable. Political: World Bank governance score. Economic: government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and inflation proximity to 2% (World Bank). Population: stability of growth and net migration rates (World Bank).
Trade profile
- Key exports
- refined petroleum, vaccines, machinery, crude petroleum, broadcasting equipment (2023)
- Key imports
- crude petroleum, refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, cars, natural gas (2023)
- Natural resources
- natural gas, petroleum, peat, limestone, salt, sand and gravel, arable land
- Primary route
- Rotterdam — Europe’s largest port, hub for Asia–Europe mainlines
- Secondary route
- Rhine barge, rail, and short-sea distribution across Europe
The xin.bz view
- The Netherlands runs freshwater as infrastructure: falling Rhine and Meuse flows let North Sea salt intrude inland, so authorities redirected freshwater westward as a hydraulic barrier and restricted navigation and withdrawals until late-August inflows allowed easing.
xin.bz coverage
El Niño Is Arriving as Western Europe Rebuilds Its Water Reserves — While Energy and Arctic Trade Reprice the Atlantic Economy
The Rhine recovering from record lows, England 71% in drought, French crops down hard, Qatar's LNG collapse pushing Europe to U.S. gas, and Iceland and Greenland turning the Atlantic into Western Europe's organizing system.
A New Sea Road to Europe: China and South Korea Move First on the Arctic Container Route
China and South Korea open commercial Arctic container service to Europe in 2026, Russia builds the icebreaker and port backbone, and Finland and Canada position for the shipbuilding and Northwest Passage phases ahead.
Commodity Deep Dive ·
LNG Is the Fuel That Freed Gas From the Pipeline — and Every Cargo Sails Past a Chokepoint Someone Can Close
LNG deep dive — 436.98 Mt of seaborne trade in 2025, the United States at 110.74 Mt, Qatar under force majeure since March 2026, JKM at $27.51/MMBtu, and roughly 80 Mt a year routed through the Strait of Hormuz.
Future Insight ·
Every Ship Is a Network: Maritime Cyber Risk From NotPetya to the 2027 Deadline
Future Insights — the maritime cyber record from GAO, Coast Guard Cyber Command, MARAD and ENISA: NotPetya at $250–300M and attributed to the GRU, GPS spoofing from a 2013 UT Austin experiment to 1,700 events at Hormuz, default credentials on two-thirds of Coast Guard missions, and the plans due July 2027.
Trade research
- WTO trade profile — tariffs, trade in goods and services, top partners
- World Bank country data — GDP, trade share of GDP, logistics indicators
- OEC trade profile — export/import composition and partners, visualized
- ITC Trade Map — detailed trade statistics by product (ITC/UN Comtrade)
- CIA World Factbook — geography, economy, transportation infrastructure
xin.bz can watch Netherlands for you — email alerts when new disruptions hit. Start free
Sources: mledoze/countries (ODbL), CIA World Factbook (public domain), World Bank Open Data (CC BY-4.0), flag-icons (MIT). Stability scores are xin.bz composites of the cited World Bank indicators; routes and commodity notes are xin.bz assessments. Informational only — verify with official sources.