Spain
Kingdom of Spain
- Region
- Europe · Southern Europe
- Capital
- Madrid
- Population
- 49,355,143 (2025)
- Government
- parliamentary constitutional monarchy
- Currency
- Euro (EUR)
- Official languages
- Spanish
- Spoken languages
- Castilian Spanish (official) 74%, Catalan (official in Catalonia, the Balearic Islands, and the Valencian Community) 17%, Galician (official in Galicia) 7%
- Written scripts
- Latin
- Area
- 505,992 km²
- Coastline
- Coastal
- UN member
- Yes
- Affiliations
- EU, IMF, NATO, OECD, WCO, WTO
- Borders
- Andorra , France , Gibraltar , Portugal , Morocco
Political stability
66 / 100
Economic stability
72 / 100
Population stability
71 / 100
0–100, higher is more stable. Political: World Bank governance score. Economic: government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and inflation proximity to 2% (World Bank). Population: stability of growth and net migration rates (World Bank).
Trade profile
- Key exports
- cars, packaged medicine, refined petroleum, vehicle parts/accessories, garments (2023)
- Key imports
- crude petroleum, cars, garments, vehicle parts/accessories, natural gas (2023)
- Natural resources
- coal, lignite, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, uranium, tungsten, mercury, pyrites, magnesite, fluorspar
- Luxury goods
- premium wine, olive oil, ibérico ham
- Primary route
- Algeciras and Valencia transshipment on Asia–Europe lanes
- Secondary route
- Transatlantic and Latin America services
The xin.bz view
- Spain enters El Niño as two water markets: the south with a stronger reservoir position after earlier rainfall, the north still drought-exposed — agriculture, vineyards, hydropower, and municipal supply respond basin by basin.
xin.bz coverage
El Niño Is Arriving as Western Europe Rebuilds Its Water Reserves — While Energy and Arctic Trade Reprice the Atlantic Economy
The Rhine recovering from record lows, England 71% in drought, French crops down hard, Qatar's LNG collapse pushing Europe to U.S. gas, and Iceland and Greenland turning the Atlantic into Western Europe's organizing system.
The Saudi Bypass Is Gone
Drones from Iraq shut the East-West pipeline, the only overland route around Hormuz. The line took two years to build and a decade to reach 7 million barrels a day. Rapid-repair claims meet parts, people, and security limits, and European refiners have lost their October Saudi crude.
Future Insight ·
NAFTA, We Hafta: Thirty-Three Years of North American Trade Rhetoric Meet the Record
Future Insights — one story from the 1930 tariff act to the September 29, 2026 U.S. exclusion of Canadian whisky, whey and motorcycles: the slogans each generation used to sell or fight North American trade, the precedents from 1930, 1965, 1971 and 2018, and what the trade data recorded at every step.
Future Insight ·
Every Ship Is a Network: Maritime Cyber Risk From NotPetya to the 2027 Deadline
Future Insights — the maritime cyber record from GAO, Coast Guard Cyber Command, MARAD and ENISA: NotPetya at $250–300M and attributed to the GRU, GPS spoofing from a 2013 UT Austin experiment to 1,700 events at Hormuz, default credentials on two-thirds of Coast Guard missions, and the plans due July 2027.
Trade research
- WTO trade profile — tariffs, trade in goods and services, top partners
- World Bank country data — GDP, trade share of GDP, logistics indicators
- OEC trade profile — export/import composition and partners, visualized
- ITC Trade Map — detailed trade statistics by product (ITC/UN Comtrade)
- CIA World Factbook — geography, economy, transportation infrastructure
xin.bz can watch Spain for you — email alerts when new disruptions hit. Start free
Sources: mledoze/countries (ODbL), CIA World Factbook (public domain), World Bank Open Data (CC BY-4.0), flag-icons (MIT). Stability scores are xin.bz composites of the cited World Bank indicators; routes and commodity notes are xin.bz assessments. Informational only — verify with official sources.